{"id":9888,"date":"2026-04-02T16:03:16","date_gmt":"2026-04-02T16:03:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/handle.ae\/family-enterprises\/family-governance\/family-constitutions\/uae-us-family-constitutions\/"},"modified":"2026-07-30T08:34:57","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T08:34:57","slug":"uae-us-family-constitutions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/handle.ae\/family-enterprises\/family-governance\/family-constitutions\/uae-us-family-constitutions\/","title":{"rendered":"UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”bottom” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_color=”#000000″ bg_image=”510″ bg_image_type=”default” bg_position=”center center” background_image_loading=”default” bg_repeat=”no-repeat” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”15%” bottom_padding=”13%” text_color=”light” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” color_overlay=”#0a0a0a” overlay_strength=”0.8″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” shape_divider_height=”350″ bg_image_animation=”zoom-out-reveal” parallax_bg=”true” parallax_bg_speed=”fast” shape_type=”mountains” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”padding-5-percent” column_padding_phone=”padding-5-percent” column_padding_position=”top” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” left_padding_desktop=”25%” constrain_group_2=”yes” right_padding_desktop=”25%” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” centered_text=”true” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][split_line_heading line_reveal_by_space_text_effect=”default” font_style=”h1″ content_alignment=”default” mobile_content_alignment=”inherit” animation_type=”line-reveal-by-space” link_target=”_self” text_content=”UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions” text_direction=”default” font_size=”4vw”][\/split_line_heading][vc_column_text css_animation=”fadeInUp” css=”” text_direction=”default”]Cross-border family governance between the UAE and United States. One constitution, two systems, controlled outcomes.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”90px” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”10%” bottom_padding=”5%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” id=”about” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-5-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ background_image=”8884″ background_image_type=”default” background_image_position=”center center” background_image_stacking=”default” enable_bg_scale=”true” background_image_loading=”default” column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”zoom-out-reveal” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”300″][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”top-bottom” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][split_line_heading line_reveal_by_space_text_effect=”default” font_style=”h2″ content_alignment=”default” mobile_content_alignment=”inherit” animation_type=”line-reveal-by-space” link_target=”_self” text_content=”UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions: Bilateral Governance, Single Source of Control” max_width=”450″ text_direction=”default”][\/split_line_heading][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” max_width=”500″ text_direction=”default”]\n
Handle structures UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions that synchronise Sharia-anchored realities, common law exposure, and US tax and regulatory reach into a single, enforceable governance framework. We engineer documents, vehicles, and decision protocols so family, capital, and control remain aligned across both jurisdictions.<\/p>\n
From first-generation founder families to multi-branch dynasties with US-resident heirs, we convert complexity into a working constitution: decision rights defined, dispute pathways pre-set, capital safeguarded, and succession executable in both the UAE and United States. Governance is not negotiated; it is codified, enforceable, and operationalised.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][nectar_cta btn_style=”arrow-animation” heading_tag=”h4″ link_type=”regular” button_color=”default” text_color=”#0F4430″ button_border_thickness=”0px” alignment=”left” alignment_tablet=”default” alignment_phone=”default” display=”block” display_tablet=”inherit” display_phone=”inherit” link_text=”Talk to a Partner” url=”#contact”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_section type=”full_width_background” text_color=”dark” constrain_group_1=”yes” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” content_layout=”default” advanced_gradient_display_type=”linear” el_id=”services”][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”2%” constrain_group_2=”yes” left_padding_tablet=”20px” constrain_group_4=”yes” right_padding_tablet=”20px” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][split_line_heading line_reveal_by_space_text_effect=”default” font_style=”h2″ stagger_animation=”true” content_alignment=”default” mobile_content_alignment=”inherit” animation_type=”line-reveal-by-space” link_target=”_self” text_content=”Our UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions Services: Governance That Survives Jurisdiction” text_direction=”default” font_text_indent=”25vw”]The layouts, service descriptions, and visuals displayed here are provided as illustrative examples. Adapt and customize them to match your industry, audience, and goals[\/split_line_heading][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” left_padding_tablet=”15%” constrain_group_4=”yes” right_padding_tablet=”15%” left_padding_phone=”0″ constrain_group_6=”yes” right_padding_phone=”0″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”30px” desktop_text_alignment=”center” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”flexbox” flex_layout_desktop=”column” flex_justify_content_desktop=”center” flex_align_items_desktop=”center” flex_align_items_phone=”” flex_wrap_desktop=”nowrap” flex_reverse_desktop=”false” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
Handle designs and implements UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions that withstand regulatory, tax, and succession pressure on both sides of the Atlantic. We align family agreement, ownership vehicles, and institutional documentation into one operating system for control.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][nectar_cta btn_style=”curved-arrow-animation” heading_tag=”h6″ link_type=”regular” button_color=”default” button_border_thickness=”0px” alignment=”right” alignment_tablet=”default” alignment_phone=”default” display=”block” display_tablet=”inherit” display_phone=”inherit” link_text=”View all” url=”\/family-enterprises\/services\/”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][\/vc_section][vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”20px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”5%” bottom_padding=”5%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_row_inner equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_margin=”20px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#C4A64E” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” font_color=”#1C1C1C” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][fancy_box box_style=”default” icon_family=”fontawesome” color=”extra-color-3″ border_radius=”default” image_loading=”lazy-load” color_scheme=”dark” secondary_content=”here’s some awesome text that would only be shown on hover” min_height=”300″ icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-users”]\n
Integrated family charters, policies, and decision matrices calibrated for UAE and US legal realities.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#C4A64E” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” delay=”50″ column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][fancy_box box_style=”default” icon_family=”fontawesome” color=”extra-color-3″ border_radius=”default” image_loading=”lazy-load” color_scheme=”dark” secondary_content=”here’s some awesome text that would only be shown on hover” min_height=”300″ icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-users”]\n
Structured transfer of voting, economic, and stewardship rights across generations and jurisdictions.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#C4A64E” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” delay=”100″ column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][fancy_box box_style=”default” icon_family=”fontawesome” color=”extra-color-3″ border_radius=”default” image_loading=”lazy-load” color_scheme=”dark” secondary_content=”here’s some awesome text that would only be shown on hover” min_height=”300″ icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-users”]\n
Alignment of UAE and US entities, trusts, and holdings with the family constitution.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color=”#C4A64E” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” delay=”150″ column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][fancy_box box_style=”default” icon_family=”fontawesome” color=”extra-color-3″ border_radius=”default” image_loading=”lazy-load” color_scheme=”dark” secondary_content=”here’s some awesome text that would only be shown on hover” min_height=”300″ icon_fontawesome=”fa fa-users”]\n
Pre-agreed mechanisms for conflict, exits, and deadlock, enforceable in UAE and US forums.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”90px” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”2%” bottom_padding=”5%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” id=”why-work-with-an-expert” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”top-bottom” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][split_line_heading line_reveal_by_space_text_effect=”default” font_style=”h2″ content_alignment=”default” mobile_content_alignment=”inherit” animation_type=”line-reveal-by-space” link_target=”_self” text_content=”Why Work with a UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions Expert” max_width=”500″ text_direction=”default”][\/split_line_heading][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” top_padding=”20″ text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
Families with one foot in the UAE and another in the United States face layered exposure: succession, tax, regulatory reach, and intra-family divergence. Advice alone does not hold this together; only a disciplined constitution integrated with the right vehicles does.<\/p>\n
Handle leads the full arc: governance design, legal structuring, and capital alignment across both systems. The mandate is clear \u2013 one governance language, multiple jurisdictions, enforceable across borders.<\/p>\n
Cross-border family governance fails when it stops at narrative and never reaches enforceability. We structure UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions that link directly to entities, contracts, and capital flows.<\/p>\n
Handle operates where law, capital, and family control intersect; we design governance that boards can run, regulators can respect, and courts can enforce.<\/p>\n
” font_container=”tag:p|text_align:left|color:rgba(255%2C255%2C255%2C0.72)” use_theme_fonts=”yes” css=””][nectar_btn size=”jumbo” button_style=”regular” button_color_2=”Extra-Color-1″ icon_family=”default_arrow” url=”#contact” text=”Talk to a Partner” margin_top=”15″][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” font_color=”#000000″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” content_layout=”default” gradient_type=”default”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all” css=”.vc_custom_1504187365562{margin-bottom: 2% !important;}”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-1-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”grow-in” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][fancy_box box_style=”color_box_hover” icon_family=”none” color=”extra-color-1″ color_box_hover_overlay_opacity=”default” box_alignment=”left” border_radius=”default” image_loading=”default” min_height=”140″]\n
We convert statements of values into decision rules wired into legal and ownership structures.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-1-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”grow-in” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” delay=”150″][fancy_box box_style=”color_box_hover” icon_family=”none” color=”extra-color-1″ color_box_hover_overlay_opacity=”default” box_alignment=”left” border_radius=”default” image_loading=”default” min_height=”140″]\n
UAE and US-facing counsel, tax, and structuring input coordinated under one accountable mandate.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-1-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”grow-in” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][fancy_box box_style=”color_box_hover” icon_family=”none” color=”extra-color-1″ color_box_hover_overlay_opacity=”default” box_alignment=”left” border_radius=”default” image_loading=”default” min_height=”140″]\n
Constitutions built around real assets, operating companies, and liquidity events, not abstractions.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-1-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”grow-in” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” delay=”150″][fancy_box box_style=”color_box_hover” icon_family=”none” color=”extra-color-1″ color_box_hover_overlay_opacity=”default” box_alignment=”left” border_radius=”default” image_loading=”default” min_height=”140″]\n
Documentation and governance credible to banks, co-investors, and regulators on both sides.[\/fancy_box][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][nectar_global_section id=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][nectar_global_section id=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”90px” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”6%” constrain_group_1=”yes” bottom_padding=”6%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” id=”whats-included-in-our-services” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”top-bottom” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][split_line_heading line_reveal_by_space_text_effect=”default” font_style=”h2″ content_alignment=”default” mobile_content_alignment=”inherit” animation_type=”line-reveal-by-space” link_target=”_self” text_content=”What’s Included in Our UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions Services” max_width=”500″ text_direction=”default”][\/split_line_heading][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” top_padding=”20″ text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” enable_animation=”true” animation=”fade-in-from-bottom” animation_easing=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
We structure UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions that bind governance intent to enforceable legal and capital architecture. Every clause is anchored to an implementation pathway: entities, contracts, committees, and information flows.<\/p>\n
The result is a working constitution that outlives personalities and travel patterns; a framework that keeps ownership, control, and succession executable in both jurisdictions.<\/p>\n
Handle structures UAE\u2013US Family Constitutions for families with capital, residence, or operating exposure in both jurisdictions; designed for enforceability, continuity, and controlled succession.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”custom” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”2%” bottom_padding=”3%” constrain_group_2=”yes” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” advanced_gradient_angle=”0″ overlay_strength=”0.8″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_color=”#000000″ shape_divider_position=”bottom” shape_divider_height=”99%” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”straight_section” gradient_type=”default”][vc_column column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” advanced_gradient_angle=”0″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default” content_layout=”default”][toggles style=”minimal_shadow” accordion=”true” accordion_starting_functionality=”default” border_radius=”none”][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”Why does a UAE\u2013US family require a specific constitution rather than a standard family charter?”][vc_column_text]A UAE\u2013US family constitution must absorb conflicting legal, tax, and succession regimes into a single operating framework. Standard charters stop at intent and narrative; they do not survive cross-border enforcement tests. For UAE\u2013US families, governance must align with entity structures, trust arrangements, and reporting obligations in both systems. We design constitutions that connect directly to those instruments and can be operationalised by boards and advisers.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”How do you align a UAE\u2013US Family Constitution with Sharia considerations and US law?”][vc_column_text]We start with an explicit mapping of applicable law across assets, entities, residences, and nationalities. Sharia-anchored expectations, civil law rules, and US federal\/state implications are translated into a coherent succession and control model. The constitution articulates principles and decision rules; the legal structuring around it executes those rules. This alignment ensures the framework is culturally aligned and jurisdictionally credible.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”How does the constitution interact with trusts, foundations, and holding companies?”][vc_column_text]The constitution sets the governance blueprint; the vehicles implement it. We align trust deeds, foundation charters, shareholder agreements, and LLC operating agreements with the governance logic in the constitution. Decision rights, distribution policies, and succession triggers are mirrored across these documents. This removes ambiguity and reduces the gap between family intent and legal reality.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”Can a UAE\u2013US Family Constitution address US tax exposure and reporting obligations?”][vc_column_text]The constitution does not replace tax advice, but it frames decisions that drive exposure. We integrate US-connected considerations into governance rules: residency, citizenship, information sharing, and distribution policies. This allows tax counsel to structure vehicles and flows within an agreed decision framework. The outcome is fewer ad hoc decisions and greater predictability on US-related obligations.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”How are disputes between family members in different jurisdictions managed under the constitution?”][vc_column_text]We pre-define dispute pathways, escalation steps, and choice of law and forum. The constitution sets expectations and procedures; the underlying contracts hard-wire those mechanisms into enforceable agreements. This can include mediation, expert determination, or arbitration seated in credible forums, including UAE or US-aligned venues. The objective is to prevent operating assets from becoming hostages to personal conflict.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][\/toggles][\/vc_column][vc_column top_margin_tablet=”10%” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”20px” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” advanced_gradient_angle=”0″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”advanced” gradient_type=”default” content_layout=”default”][toggles style=”minimal_shadow” accordion=”true” accordion_starting_functionality=”default” border_radius=”none”][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”What is the typical scope of decision rights captured in a UAE\u2013US Family Constitution?”][vc_column_text]We codify rights across ownership, management, and stewardship. This includes capital allocation, major transactions, liquidity events, board appointments, succession to leadership roles, and information rights. For UAE\u2013US families, we also address cross-border relocation, citizenship shifts, and participation in US-facing entities. The scope is defined to keep material decisions structured, not improvised.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”How do you ensure the constitution is respected by banks, co-investors, and regulators?”][vc_column_text]Credibility comes from alignment with binding legal instruments and consistent implementation. We draft with institutional stakeholders in mind and ensure key terms are reflected in shareholder agreements, bylaws, and mandates they directly rely on. When required, we calibrate provisions to meet regulatory expectations in the UAE and accommodate US-linked disclosure and governance norms. This positions the constitution as a governance asset, not a family-only document.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”How is generational transition addressed when heirs are based in the US while assets sit in the UAE?”][vc_column_text]We separate control, benefit, and stewardship into clearly mapped pathways. The constitution sets rules for how US-based heirs engage with UAE-based assets, including board participation, voting rights, and distribution policies. Legal structures such as trusts, foundations, and holding companies then implement these pathways within both systems. This preserves continuity of the business while acknowledging the realities of residence and regulation.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”How often should a UAE\u2013US Family Constitution be reviewed or updated?”][vc_column_text]Governance must anticipate change and adapt with discipline, not improvisation. We typically define review intervals and trigger events in the constitution itself \u2013 such as major acquisitions, liquidity events, relocations, or regulatory shifts. Reviews then occur within that predefined framework, with clear authority over who can propose and approve amendments. This keeps the document current without destabilising control.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Accent-Color” heading_tag=”h3″ heading_tag_functionality=”default” title=”At what stage in the family or business lifecycle should a UAE\u2013US Family Constitution be implemented?”][vc_column_text]The constitution delivers most value once there is cross-border exposure \u2013 US-based heirs, US assets, or US regulatory and tax reach. That can occur well before a founder steps back or a liquidity event occurs. We structure constitutions to stabilise governance ahead of those inflection points, so succession, exits, and capital deployment follow a pre-agreed roadmap. Waiting until pressure arrives usually narrows the options and increases risk.
\n[\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][\/toggles][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][\/vc_section][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][nectar_global_section id=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” row_position_desktop=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” id=”contact” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” flex_gap_desktop=”10px” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][nectar_global_section id=”8034″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]